1. Refugee Travel Documents and Certificates of Identity

Here is a brief general overview of the distinction between Refugee Travel Documents and Certificates of Identity. Under the Refugee Convention, all refugees are granted their protections and travel documents. However, stateless persons are granted their Certificates of Identity whenever the country of nationality cannot be obtained under the Convention on Stateless Persons. Under Lin v. U.S.A., the Formosan nationality was put in terms of political purgatory of SFPT. While the U.S.A. Passport for non-citizen nationals was never granted to Formosans, they are still "stateless persons". With ROC political persecution of Roger Lin by the KMT, the co-plaintiffs in the Lin case are now justified in their fears of persecution because their Formosan nationality. Refugee status applications can be process abroad or political asylum claims can be processed inside the U.S.A.

Lin v. U.S.A. is arguably now a legal justification for the granting of refugee status to Formosan nationals under SFPT. This is not a DIY project. Lin co-plaintiffs should only use U.S.A. licensed attorney(s) for their application under Lin v. U.S.A.. If your legal name was not on the Lin case petition, then refugee status could become more difficult to prove if you have any well-founded fear of political persecution by the KMT (and DPP proxies). "Friends of Chen" will be better positioned on this point than other members of the DPP factions. DO NOT WAIT...move quietly to process your refugee applications for admission into the United States "green card zone". If a U.S. citizen "immigration consultant" soliticits you for processing, please report it to TCRLO. Unlicense Practice of Law (UPL) is a serious crime for immigration law. U.S. citizens abroad will be reported to national and local attorney-generals for prosecution.


U.S. refugee travel document is a "travel document". Formosan nationals of Lin v. U.S.A. have a well-founded fear of persecution by the KMT. Holder requires a visa to enter Canada if a person is a national of a country that requires one.





2. (Canadian) Refugee Travel Documents

Refugee Travel Documents issued under 1951 Refugee Convention (Canadian example)





3. (Canadian) Certificate of Identity

Issued to permanent residents of Canada who are unable to obtain a passport from their country of nationality.